AGC of Mississippi traces its roots to 1937, when Mississippi contractors first organized to promote professionalism, ethical business practices, and cooperation across the construction industry. Operations paused during World War II as many members supported the war effort, but industry leaders revived the organization in 1945 with a broader vision for the future.

In 1946, the Jackson-based organization formally affiliated with the Associated General Contractors of America and began operating as an AGC chapter in Mississippi. During the following decades, a separate Mississippi Gulf Coast chapter also served members in its region.

In 1973, the two chapters merged to form the unified statewide Associated General Contractors of Mississippi that serves the industry today. The association later established its current headquarters on Lakeland Drive in Jackson in 1986, where it continues to support the commercial construction industry across the state.